Safety

Driver inattention is recognized as a factor in a large proportion of traffic accidents. In
these cases, when the driver is not driving with sufficient care and the vehicle is
approaching a forward obstacle, an appropriate collision warning is an effective way of
avoiding an accident and mitigating the severity of the collision. However, a warning
that is given too early may also annoy drivers who are driving carefully.
Therefore, a new pre-crash safety (PCS) system has been developed with an advanced
forward collision warning function. The new system is now provided with a driver
monitoring sensor that detects the facial direction and  degree of eye opening of the
driver, and gives warning at an earlier timing only when the vehicle is likely to collide
with a forward obstacle and the driver is unaware of its presence.
This PCS system has been realized with a high level of precision to reduce the number of
nuisance warnings. This paper describes the configuration and functions of the new PCS
system with a driver-monitoring sensor.

TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION, Japan

AISIN SEIKI CO., LTD., Japan

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York

Accidents  at  crossroads  or  intersections  account  for  half  of  all  fatal  accident  occurrences  in Japan. It is conjectured that the occurrence of overlooking or misjudgment at crossroads or at intersections  is  more  than  those  on  the  road  between  intersections.  Accident  reduction measures for such situations are important in view of total accident reduction needs. Research and development for accident prevention system in similar situations is ongoing in Japan and abroad. In order to develop an appropriate accident prevention system, the authors studied the effectiveness  of  accident prevention  systems  such  as  (a) road-to-vehicle  cooperation  system, (b) vehicle-to-vehicle cooperation system and (c) autonomous system to the near miss incident scene classified by its occurrence mechanism. It was found that each system proves effective in preventing an accident that could arise from near miss incident scene.

Mitsubishi Motors Corporation

Akita Prefectural University

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York

We  developed  the  world’s  first  driving  support  system  for  approaching
intersections with stop signs using the car navigation system. When the car approaches
the intersections with stop signs, this system informs the driver of approaching stop sign
by  using  an  audio  message  and  navigation  system  screen  display.  And  if  the  driver
appear to be unaware of a stop sign, this system will caution the driver and assist driver’s
rapid  braking.  In  this  development,  we  researched  the  braking  behavior  of  general
drivers  at  intersections  with  stop  signs  and  designed  this  system  ergonomically.  It  is
anticipated that this system will improve driving behavior at intersections with stop signs,
and enabling them to avoid potential risk.

Toyota Motor Corporation

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York

A feasibility demonstration platform was constructed to enable qualitative and quantitative
early stage cooperative vehicle safety application assessment and to research and identify
areas for improving effectiveness.  Two classes of potential hazard scenarios were identified
and archetypical collision avoidance warning algorithms using Roadside-to-Vehicle (R2V)
and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) wireless communications were implemented.  Early stage test
and evaluation results are identified.

DENSO INTERNATIONAL AMERICA, INC.

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York

Communication based driver assistance systems of the future are supposed to inform the
driver about dangerous road and traffic conditions. This paper investigates the technology
potential of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) for realizing
delay critical hazard warning services. First, an overview of the radio network
capabilities for early UMTS standard releases as well as for recently added features such
as the High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) are  provided. The analysis of the features
focuses on the delays for both uplink message collection and downlink message
distribution. Exemplary delay measurements in a live network are presented. Furthermore,
the potential of the Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) with resource
efficient point-to-multipoint transmission to large user groups is analyzed. Finally, the
relationship between delay performance and network resource consumption required for a
hazard warning service is discussed and a concept proposal is given. 

Ericsson GmbH 

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York