Safety

Speeding is a significant contributor to a significant portion of highway collisions.  For work
zones in particular, the speeding problem is compounded by on-site road re-configuration,
narrowed lanes, or poor visibility.  This paper describes a recent study in California that is
designed to assess the technical performance of automated speed enforcement (ASE) equipment
in the field.  Several traffic monitoring systems were field tested with an automated speed
enforcement system at a study site in California.  The study site was located on a rural two-lane
highway, where severe collisions occurred frequently and speeding appeared to be a significant
factor.  The ASE equipment and other devices were found to detect 2-5 % of passing vehicles to
travel in excess of 65 mph in a highway with a posted speed limit of 55 mph.

University of California at Berkeley

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York

In March 2004, the Oregon Department of Transportation installed and evaluated a dynamic
curve warning system deployed in both directions of Interstate 5 near Myrtle Creek, Oregon. For
the evaluation, two measures of effectiveness were selected: 1) the change in mean speed for
passenger cars and commercial vehicles, and 2) the change in the speed distribution for
passenger cars and trucks. The evaluation found that the Myrtle Creek Advanced Curve Warning
System was effective at reducing mean speeds by approximately 2-3 mph. In addition, speed
distributions showed a lower proportion of higher speed vehicles. The purpose of this paper is to
present the results of a follow up evaluation of the system. This paper discusses the crash
reduction observed using three years of crash data before and after installation. Speed conditions
were also reexamined at Myrtle Creek site to evaluate the long term effectiveness of the dynamic
curve warning system in maintaining the speed reductions initially observed.

Portland State University

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York

This paper describes the requirements, methods and design considerations that was used to
develop a new method of Following Distance Warning, a system informing the driver of low
time-distance to the vehicle ahead, using visual feedback via a simple Head Up Display to the
driver. It includes a study where different display designs and color schemes have been
assessed. The described experimental results show that the proposed visual feedback
principles can be used and fulfils the usability and efficiency goals of assisting the driver in
keeping a safe distance to the forward vehicle. The paper also includes a discussion on
relationship with a Forward Collision Warning system as well as relationship and
coordination with Adaptive Cruise Control. Finally the Distance Alert system as implemented
in several Volvo models is described.

Volvo Car Corporation

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York

This paper proposes a lane departure prevention system, that generates yaw moment in an
event of detecting lane departure, to assist the driver to  manoeuvre  the vehicle back to the
original traveling lane. The system aims to contribute in reducing road accidents, which over
40% is estimated to be caused by lane departures according to a survey. The system utilizes a
CMOS camera to recognize lane departures, and yaw- moment is applied by direct
yaw-moment control.  The overall system is described together with results of experiments
showing the effectiveness of the support.

Nissan Motor Co., Ltd

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York

The National Police Agency (NPA) of Japan has been developing a Vehicle-Infrastructure
Cooperation System for road safety, which we call “Driving Safety Support Systems” or
“DSSS”. The purpose of the DSSS is to prevent traffic accidents by providing drivers with
visual and audible information concerning potential dangers such as pedestrians crossing
intersections, other vehicles approaching the intersections, and so on. DSSS has two types, an
information provision type and a decision type. The investigation and development of the  
information type of DSSS started from 1997 by NPA and the Universal Traffic Management
Society of Japan or “UTMS Japan”, which is an organization to promote ITS in Japan.  Based
on these  investigations and  developments, the NPA decided to start pilot projects of
information provision type of DSSS from 2006 fiscal year by a government budget. One pilot
project ( including  four subsystems) has been operated in Tokyo from March 2007, and the
other (including five subsystems) has been operated in Saitama from March 2008. In this
paper, I will explain the pilot systems and the effects.

National Police Agency

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York