Safety

This paper describes the results of a study performed by Volvo Trucks with test subjects
driving a 40 tonne Volvo FH12 truck and trailer combination under the influence of alcohol
and partial sleep deprivation. One key finding is the clear degradation evident in drivers
influenced by alcohol as compared to when they are sober when demand is put on them in
the form of a secondary task. Moreover, the effect of high sleep pressure on degraded driving
performance in drivers performing a simple driving task was comparable to that of being
under the influence of alcohol, although notable differences also exist.
Alcohol and drowsiness are major contributing factors to a large number of road fatalities
each year. The effect of sleep deprivation and alcohol has been studied before but few studies
have directly compared their respective influence on driving behavior, and fewer still in the
same subjects on test track using real vehicles.

Volvo Technology Corporation

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York

The fatigue of the driver is one of the factors of the traffic accident. And it is necessary to ease fatigue
during driving. In this research, we examined whether it was effective to give colors as a stimulation to
the driver in order to reduce the load while driving. We used the color that was one of visual information
as stimulation because 80% or more of external information is visual information. In addition, we used
the color of green because it is said that green has the effect of refreshing. We analyzed the effect of
color from beta-wave content, presumtion of autonomic nervos activity and change of mental load level.
The result of an examination using the driving simulator shows the defference of each index because the
color stimulation was given in addition to usual driving enviroment. It was shown that the color exerted
some influences on the driver while driving by this research.

Aichi Prefectural University, Japan

Presented at the 12th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 6-10, 2005, San Francisco, California

Geomagnetic vehicle detector (GVD) is a kind of traffic monitoring equipment
based on the effect that passing vehicles disturb the geomagnetic field. Having the advantages
of small size, easy installation and slight damage on the road surface, GVD is to be an
attractive alternative to inductive loops. Currently studying on GVD is usually based on the
vertical component of geomagnetic field and state machine algorithm, and is able to count
traffic flow, sort vehicle type and measure vehicle speed. But the precision of these algorithms
is usually affected by baseline drift and vehicle speed. A novel GVD method is presented here
based on the sophisticated and widely applied magnetic declination measurement technology.
With a proof test in the lab and data collected from field test, this paper proposed a vehicle
detecting technology on the state machine algorithm. The results of experiment and analysis
indicate that the GVD based on magnetic declination measurement is a proving traffic
monitoring technology.

College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018,China

Presented at the ITS America Annual Conference and Exposition,November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York

The Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI) has examined inter-vehicle
communication(IVC) protocols for safe drive support through field experiments and
simulations for years. For safe drive support, packet relay function is one of the issues of
IVC and optimal relay system should be selected from the view of latency and packet error
rate. The JARI demonstrated the operation of the Relay Control Protocol (RCP) system
using the 5.8 GHz band in 2007 and showed that this system suppressed packet congestion
caused by the increase in the number of vehicles. Furthermore it also showed through
simulation that the location information of vehicles obtained by IVC could be used for
packet relay in line with demands of applications to implement a packet congestion
suppression function equivalent to that of the RCP system. This study made it clear that the
relay system which actively used the location information could be applied to safe drive
support.

SSC (System Solution Company)

Japan Automobile Research Institute

Presented at the 15th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 16-20, 2008, New York, New York

We are studying safety driving support systems that are attained by exchanging
each vehicle's movement data through vehicle to vehicle (V-V) communication.
This paper describes a study on the communication protocol. First, the design
methodology for the physical and data link layer (L1 and L2) is described under
an ideal condition, without restrictions in other words, because the basic
specification of the communication system depends on these lower layer
protocols. Next, points for applying it to a practical system are described.

Toyota Motor Corporation, Japan

Presented at the 12th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, November 6-10, 2005, San Francisco, California